146 Years Studying Dyslexic Brains
1861-Broca. The language areas are located in the Left Hemisphere.
1874 - Wernicke. Pin-pointed area, in and around the Sylvian Fissure.
1892-Dejerine. Damage to Left Angular Gyrus (sm. area in Posterior Neocortex) resulted in reading difficulties.
1896-Morgan. Dyslexia is a structural alteration of the Angular Gyrus.
1925-Orton. Dyslexia is caused by incomplete dominance of the language specialized Left Hemisphere over the Right Hemisphere.
1968-Drake. Microscopic examination of dyslexic brains finds: Large number of small gyri and a thin Corpus Callosum. Cortex was larger than normal with ectopic (out of place) neurons in subcortial white matter which usually contains only nerve fibers, not nerve cell bodies.
1978-Rawson. During gestation, dyslexic brain anomalies affect the organization of the brain (especially in the Right Hemisphere) resulting in the superior talents and abilities characteristic of people with dyslexia.
1980-Gordon. Dyslexics & their families did better than average on Right Hemisphere tasks: (model orientation, form completion, & block design), but below average on Left Hemisphere tasks: (serial sounds, circles, word production, digit span, and numbers.)
1874 - Wernicke. Pin-pointed area, in and around the Sylvian Fissure.
1892-Dejerine. Damage to Left Angular Gyrus (sm. area in Posterior Neocortex) resulted in reading difficulties.
1896-Morgan. Dyslexia is a structural alteration of the Angular Gyrus.
1925-Orton. Dyslexia is caused by incomplete dominance of the language specialized Left Hemisphere over the Right Hemisphere.
1968-Drake. Microscopic examination of dyslexic brains finds: Large number of small gyri and a thin Corpus Callosum. Cortex was larger than normal with ectopic (out of place) neurons in subcortial white matter which usually contains only nerve fibers, not nerve cell bodies.
1978-Rawson. During gestation, dyslexic brain anomalies affect the organization of the brain (especially in the Right Hemisphere) resulting in the superior talents and abilities characteristic of people with dyslexia.
1980-Gordon. Dyslexics & their families did better than average on Right Hemisphere tasks: (model orientation, form completion, & block design), but below average on Left Hemisphere tasks: (serial sounds, circles, word production, digit span, and numbers.)
1979-1985. Galaburda. Autopsies of 8 dyslexic brains found: A.) Unusual bilateral symmetry in 15% of the brains; B.) Between 30-100 abnormalities per brain; C.) Abnormalities were located primarily in the Left Hemisphere, in clusters, and in the Sylvian Fissure area; D.) Abnormally small & poorly laminated folds and convolutions; E.) Abnormal neuron accumulations and ectopias (clusters of neurons in the wrong place); F.) Distorted surface and disorganized subsurface neurological organization; G.) In females, neuronal loss and myelinated scars were apparent.
1982-1984. Girshwind/Behan. Left-handed families are 10x more likely than right-handed families to have learning disabilities, autoimmune disorders (like allergies), skeletal malformations, thyroid disorders, migraine headaches.
1988-Sherman. Right brain lesions produce visual-spatial, and musical disabilities.
1988-1989. Bever/Sherman. Phonological & syntactic uncertainty are the result of abnormally organized language regions with alterations in size, shape and organization of neurons; and abnormal location of cell tissue in an abnormally formed symmetrical brain (Right and Left Hemispheres being equal in size, vs. the normally occurring larger Left Hemisphere.)
1994-Wood. Studies live dyslexics. 10% of population has dyslexic brain waves.
1982-1984. Girshwind/Behan. Left-handed families are 10x more likely than right-handed families to have learning disabilities, autoimmune disorders (like allergies), skeletal malformations, thyroid disorders, migraine headaches.
1988-Sherman. Right brain lesions produce visual-spatial, and musical disabilities.
1988-1989. Bever/Sherman. Phonological & syntactic uncertainty are the result of abnormally organized language regions with alterations in size, shape and organization of neurons; and abnormal location of cell tissue in an abnormally formed symmetrical brain (Right and Left Hemispheres being equal in size, vs. the normally occurring larger Left Hemisphere.)
1994-Wood. Studies live dyslexics. 10% of population has dyslexic brain waves.
Dyslexia Institutes of America -Michigan
Cambridge Plaza at Inkster Road
27333 W. Warren Avenue [MAP]
Dearborn Heights, Michigan 48127
(313) 359-9999 | Fax: (866) 690-5854
27333 W. Warren Avenue [MAP]
Dearborn Heights, Michigan 48127
(313) 359-9999 | Fax: (866) 690-5854
Dr. Suehail Abueita, Clinical Psychologist
Renee M. Newman, MS-SPED, Director
help@dyslexiaclinic.org | dyslexiaclinic.org
Renee M. Newman, MS-SPED, Director
help@dyslexiaclinic.org | dyslexiaclinic.org
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